KZT · 1993 — 2025

History of the tenge

Since it replaced the Soviet ruble in November 1993, the tenge has moved from a managed peg to a floating currency, weathering several sharp devaluations tied to oil prices and regional shocks.

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KZT per 1 US dollar, annual average

Approximate annual averages compiled from National Bank of Kazakhstan and IMF reference-rate series. Illustrative only — not for transactional FX.

  1. 1993

    The tenge is born

    Kazakhstan introduces the tenge on 15 November 1993, replacing the Soviet ruble. The name comes from an old Turkic word for a set of scales and the medieval silver currency of the region.

  2. 2014

    First major devaluation

    On 11 February 2014 the National Bank devalued the tenge by about 19%, from roughly 150 to 185 per dollar, citing regional currency moves and oil-revenue pressure.

  3. 2015

    Move to a float

    On 20 August 2015 the bank let the tenge float freely; the currency lost roughly a third of its value within days as the exchange regime shifted to inflation targeting.

  4. 2022

    Volatility after the war

    Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine and sanctions on neighbouring Russia, the tenge swung sharply through 2022; the bank intervened repeatedly to dampen volatility.